MOTIVATIONS TO WRITE SHORT STORY

A.   Finding the object

In our daily life, we will find the people who like talking, especially in communication process among them. The speakers sometime make their story over, so that they are called “si pembual”. “si pembual can be said as “the oral man of letters” because they can entertain the listeners by their stories. 

By reading more, someone can have a wealthy of spiritual more than others. Person who has a wealthy spiritual also has a higher consideration with their environment. From the experiences of reading, realize or not, their language skills will be developed. They have more vocabularies more than average.

The spiritual experience, the consideration of environment, and the wealthy of language are the assets that can be used while the impuls of writing comes. There are many short story that take a theme of imbalance social status that comes from the the critical thinking of the authors. In their story, they will take a position as the third person as the observer. But they also can be as the first person as the actor. 

In writing a novel or short story, it is better if we have had the experience before, so that our works will be more life. But it is not always like that. We also can search from the internet to find out the things that are related to our story. Emile Zola is an author who takes that experience. He lived with the ferryman to write his novel, Germinal.

As many experts said that literature comes from sources of the authors’ experiences. It can be from physical or spiritual (Semi, 1984: 14). The spiritual experience is also the priceless wealthy. It can be found from other media, such as audio or audiovisual, or from the books. Actually when we want to find the object of our writing, we do not need to go faraway. We just need to observe the exiting object.

B.    Inducement

It seems like the guns that full of bullets, it will be soon shoot. This statement is populared by an author named Budi Darma. Someone will be started to write if they find the inducement. Inducement is actually the inspiration that make someone start to write caused by something. How little the inducement is, it can be sharpen someone’s imagination to write.

C.   Imagination Changes

Most of the authors did not make the concept before they start to write. They will be directly write it down. After finished the writing, they just make correction about spelling or something that must be repaired. For the author, making concept of their works is strange, because they have had their own concepts or imaginations in their mind. Imagination is not come without experience, wheter is it physical or spiritual. The expert of literature said that literary works do not come from the empty mind. It means that literary work is the expression of the real life.

3rd CHAPTER

THE TRICKS TO WRITE SHORT STORY

“The essence in writing short story is not about the short or long the opus, but it is about how the authors describe the simple story with a touched plot”. (YB. Mangunwijaya, 1995: 7 in choosen short story by KOMPAS 1995). 

Writing the short story can be said as writing the legend. The legend that close to the daily life and fantacy of the readers. It also needs to have its enchantment, so that the readers will have a high desire to read the short story. It can be reached with the writing tricks.

One of the tricks while writing the short story is engineer the story, so that the story more attractive, and up to date. There are many things with the same theme that have written by some authors. But we can make the new one based on the same theme. Same, but not seem. From the same object, we must have the different point of view. It depends on the authors critical thinking to make something different from others.

The tricks in writing are:

A.   The Opening Paragraph

Beside the title of the story, the opening paragraph is one of the important thing that needs to pay attention. When the first paragraph starts to read, it will be the factor that will decide wheter the reader will continue to read or not. The opening paragraph is like the opening key. The opening paragraph must be entered to the point of the story. In the opening paragraph, the readers need to find the new information and something that is pleasure to be read.

We have known the three kinds of paragraph. They are opening paragraph, content paragraph, and closing paragraph. Those three theories are not occur as in short story. In the paragraph of short story, we need the description, not the argumentation. In the other word, short story is different with scientific work. In short story, something is explained by an action. But in scientific works, something is explained by arguments and causality based on the sources. Meanwhile the sources of short story is imagination.

B.    Considering the Readers

The readers are the consumers, meanwhile the readers are the producers. Producers must consider the quality of their product to be sold. More over, the rivalry of the products have been increased. For example, love is something that have been taken as the theme of the story. How to make it different from others? We just need to study the tricks to make the story surprised the readers.

C.   Digging the Nuance

The nuance of the story is playing an important parts in the short story, because the readers need something different in describing something. For example, how someone describes the crowded of Jakarta with the different point of view.

A writer of short story is demanded an essentialist, which means the writer must be able to catch the essence of the reality. To make the essence of the event in the story, we must be able to choose the right words to be used. Wheter from dialogue, description, or narration. 

D.   Effective Sentence

The sentences in short story must be an effective sentence. Effective sentence is the sentence that can make the good impression to the readers. Long sentence or complex sentence will become a burden for the readers. But it does not means that we can not use it, but we must know when should we use it. The experts said that an effective sentence has more power that impacted to the psychological readers.

The sentences are devided into three kinds based on the structure. They are: (1) simple sentence, (2) wide sentence, and (3) mixing sentence. Simple sentence is the sentence that stand alone. That only consists of subject and predicate. For the example: she is a writer. In developing the paragraph, sometimes the writer continue the simple sentence become mixing sentence and wide sentence.

Beside using the effective sentence, the writer is also demanded to have a wealthy of vocabulary and language metaphore to make the short story running well and not make the reader feels bored. The repeating words will make the readers feel bored. But it does not mean that we can not using the repeating words, but we must using it in the right place.

The conclution is, the effective sentence for short story is the energetic sentences, rich of vocabulary, and plastic. It is prominent than using the scientific words.

E.    Seasoning

The figure of seasoning is needed in short story. It can be sex or humor, but we do not need to make the exploitation in them. They play as the maker of living nuace. The humor in short story is not a joke, but it is the nuance of humor that caused from the story itself.

F.    Moving the Character

Short story is not an objective reality, or something that really happen. If it is the real accident that can be proven , so it can not be said as short story. Short story is not telling the true event, but it just showing the things that related to the real event. Directly, or not.

The characters in short story must be moving in physical, because human is a dinamic creature. The character will be stronger if they are alive. It means they are not like the chess that only be in line.

G.   Focusing Story

In short story, conflict must be there.  At least, there is a problem in that story that need to be solved. The most important is how to make the problem become attractive. Basically, there is only one main problem in short story that named as focus. The other problems –beside the main problem- are as the supporting.

The conclution is, short story also needs focus like the result of a good photo. If the focus is unclear, or the object is unseen by other object, that photo is not a good photo. A good photo is the photo with a sharp focus, meanwhile the other objects are as the supporting factors. 

H.   The Last Touching

Short story must be ended while the problem has finished. Sometimes the ending of short story seems not clear, that make the readers think the story did not finish yet. Actually, while the main problem has been solved, the story must be ended without continuing the sentence. The ending must make the reader surprised. 

I.     Editing

Editing means repaired the result of work, is there any mistake or not. The main mistake is spelling. The first step in doing editing is reread the whole of the story carefully. The second step, after you finish reading the story, maybe there is any sentence that is not appropriate, or there is a sentence that oppress the readers . It also needs a repairment.

Editing also means recorrect carefully the parts that must be given the bigger space between flash back with the main plot by giving the architecture sign. Editing process is a must if someone want to be a good writer. After finish writing the story, you do not need to make the editing directly. Wait until tomorrow after you finished it in the night.

J.     Giving the Title

Title has its own way to attrack the readers. Reminding that title is the reflection of the story, it is better to give the title in the end. But there is no rule if the writer want to make the title in the beginning.

The attractive development from the titles is by choosing the ambiguous title. For example, the title of short story “Ngarai” that published in Kompas 1992 that has the ambiguous meaning.